How much does one get paid for a video like this for a museum? I'm in Film School right now and I'm just trying to explore different aspects of different jobs.

In short, as much as you can get! For this job, their budget was about half of what they finally paid me. (About $40k) The client originally asked for a more technical animation of how the steam jet worked. I basically talked them into producing a more extended narrative, largely because had very few objects that they could display in the exhibition, and felt animation was a way of bring those objects to life.
If you want some more general advice, it would be this: master the art of storyboarding, because - regardless of the tools you use for the content, being able to pre visualise (and script) is going to pay off big time when you come down to production. Especially with 3D animation, it means you do the hard 'artistic stuff' when it matters (when the client's listening, and you are revved by the project). Good pre-vis, leave yourself just the technical issues to contend with. The job gets easier the nearer it gets to completion (good), and you get the satisfaction of seeing your vision plop into place. Learn good pre-vis, my friend, and you will never be sorry.

Wow, amazing. Looks like you've invested alot of time making this one. Readable and understandable for the 'normal' public while maintaining fancy 2D/3D effects without distracting the reader. I think you did a great job. I'm still trying to learn how to use 3D applications like Cinema 4D in my video animations (afx) and hopefully i will be as good as you on day.

Creative, entertaining and informative!