Top-layer relative vorticity, ζ = ∂v/∂x - ∂u/∂y, in a wind-stress driven zonally re-entrant channel on a beta-plane with bathymetry and with Southern Ocean parameter values.
Simulation was done with GFDL's MOM6 code solving the primitive equations in isopycnal coordinates under the Boussinesq approximation. Stratification is a two-layer approximation of an exponential density profile and bathymetry consists of 5 Gaussian meridional ridges. For more details refer to:
Constantinou, N. C. and Hogg, A. McC. (2019). Eddy saturation of the Southern Ocean: a baroclinic versus barotropic perspective. Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 12202–12212. doi:10.1029/2019GL084117
